UN forecasts even warmer temperatures over next 5 years

The World Meteorological Organization stated on July 9 that the annual mean global temperature will be at least a degree Celsius above the pre-industrial levels in each of the next five years.

The WMO added that there was a 20 percent chance that global temperature will exceed by 1.5 C above the 1850 to 1900 temperature levels, in at least one year in the coming five years. The Geneva-based United Nations agency added that the last five-year period has been the warmest five years on record.

However, temperature over the coming 5 years, will likely be within the range of 0.91 C to 1.59 C  over pre-industrial levels. Similarly, almost all areas, except certain parts of the southern oceans, will be warmer than the recent past.

“This study shows – with a high level of scientific skill – the enormous challenge ahead in meeting the Paris Agreement on Climate Change target of keeping a global temperature rise this century well below 2 C above pre-industrial levels, and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5 C,” said WMO secretary-general Petteri Taalas.

According to the 2015 Paris accord, sweeping cuts in greenhouse gas emissions will limit the rise of global temperature. The WMO forecasts do not take into account changes in greenhouse gas and aerosol emissions due to the shutdown of economic and industrial activity triggered by the coronavirus crisis.

“Due to the very long lifetime of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the impact of the drop in emissions this year is not expected to lead to a reduction of CO2 atmospheric concentrations which are driving global temperature increases,” Taalas said.

The planet’s average temperature is already more than 1.0 C warmer than the pre-industrial period, the WMO said.

Looking at the five-year period 2020 to 2024, the organisation said there was a 70 percent chance that at least one month would be 1.5 C warmer than pre-industrial levels.

However, there is only a three percent chance that the entire period would be 1.5 C warmer than that baseline level. The northern North Atlantic region could have stronger westerly winds, leading to more storms in western Europe over the next five years.

High latitude regions and the Sahel are likely to be wetter than the recent past, the organisation predicted. The WMO also said that in 2020 alone, many parts of South America, southern Africa and Australia are likely to be drier than the recent past.

Meanwhile, the Arctic is likely to have warmed by more than twice as much as the global mean. It said the smallest temperature change was expected in the tropics and in the mid-latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere.