Massive fighting was held on the outskirts of Kyiv and other zones on Thursday amid indications the Kremlin is using talk of de-escalation as cover while regrouping and resupplying its forces and redeploying them for a stepped-up offensive in eastern Ukraine.

In a video address, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said that Ukraine is seeing “a buildup of Russian forces for new strikes on the Donbas, and we are preparing for that”.

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Meanwhile, it is reported that a convoy of buses headed to Mariupol in another bid to evacuate people from the besieged port city after the Russian military agreed to a limited cease-fire in the area.

The Red Cross said its teams were headed for Mariupol with relief and medical supplies and hoped to help pull civilians out of the beleaguered city.

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Thousands have managed to get out in the past few weeks by way of humanitarian corridors, reducing the city’s population from a prewar 430,000 to an estimated 100,000.

Russian forces also shelled suburbs of the capital that Ukraine retook control of, a regional official said, two days after the Kremlin announced it would significantly scale back operations near Kyiv and the northern city of Chernihiv to “create conditions for further negotiations”.

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Britain’s defence ministry also confirmed “significant Russian shelling and missile strikes” around Chernihiv.

The area’s governor, Viacheslav Chaus, said Russian troops were on the move but may not be withdrawing.

Despite the fighting raging in those areas, the Russian military said it committed to a cease-fire along the route from Mariupol to the Ukraine-held city of Zaporizhzhia.

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Ukrainian Deputy Prime Minister Iryna Vereshchuk said 45 buses would be sent to collect civilians who have suffered some of the worst privations of the war.

Food, water and medical supplies have all run low during a weeks-long blockade and bombardment of the city. Civilians who have managed to leave have typically done so using private cars, but the number of drivable vehicles left in the city has dwindled and fuel is low.

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Nato secretary-general Jens Stoltenberg said intelligence indicates that Russia is not scaling back its military operations in Ukraine but is instead repositioning and redeploying forces to join attacks in the Donbas.

In the Kyiv suburbs, regional governor Oleksandr Palviuk said on social media that Russian forces shelled Irpin and Makariv, and that there were battles around Hostomel. Pavliuk said there were Ukrainian counterattacks and some Russian withdrawals around the suburb of Brovary to the east.

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US intelligence officials concluded that Putin is being misinformed by advisers too scared to give honest evaluations. Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said that the US is wrong and that “neither the state department nor the Pentagon possesses the real information about what is happening in the Kremlin”.