Consuming two to three cups of joe per day can lower the risk of heart disease (by 10- 15%), heart failure, or premature dying, according to three research abstracts. 

“Because coffee can quicken heart rate, some people worry that drinking it could trigger or worsen certain heart issues. This is where general medical advice to stop drinking coffee may come from,” Dr. Peter M. Kistler, senior author of the study, said in a statement according to a report by CNN. 

“We found coffee drinking had either a neutral effect — meaning that it did no harm — or was associated with benefits to heart health,” Kistler added. 

To conduct the study, Kistler and his team of researchers used data from UK Biobank, which consisted of the health trajectories of over 500,000 people for at least a decade. 

While joining the registry, participants of the study shared where their coffee consumption fell on a range of up to a cup to six cups or more per day. 

The first study was conducted on over 382,500 adults with an average age of 57 who did not have heart disease. The researchers of the study found that participants who consumed roughly one cup of coffee per day had a lower risk of developing stroke or dying from heart disease.

Another study focused on the association between various types of coffee (caffeinated instant, caffeinated ground, decaffeinated) and health outcomes.

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“I suppose there may have been a perception that less expensive ‘instant’ coffee may be less beneficial than ‘ground’ coffee which might be seen as ‘purer,’ but this was not the case in our study,” Kistler added.

The third study was conducted on participants who had been diagnosed with a type of heart disease or arrhythmia. While no evidence was found for an association between arrhythmia and coffee intake, the research found that one cup of coffee per day can be associated with a lower risk of premature death. 

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“Clinicians generally have some apprehension about people with known cardiovascular disease or arrhythmias continuing to drink coffee, so they often err on the side of caution and advise them to stop drinking it altogether due to fears that it may trigger dangerous heart rhythms,” Kistler said in the statement. 

“But our study shows that regular coffee intake is safe and could be part of a healthy diet for people with heart disease,” he concluded.