This monument was built in memory of which ruler of Russia?
Alexander II
Nicholas II
Alexander III
Peter II
Answer: Alexander II
Alexander II was Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland beginning March 2, 1855, until he died.
Born in Moscow, Alexander Nikolayevich was the eldest son of Nicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia (daughter of Frederick William III of Prussia and of Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz).
Alexander’s most significant reform as emperor was the emancipation of Russia’s serfs in 1861, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator. He was responsible for other reforms, including reorganizing the judicial system, setting up elected local judges, abolishing corporal punishment, promoting local self-government through the zemstvo system, imposing universal military service, ending some privileges of the nobility, and promoting university education.
In 1866, Alexander had an assassination attempt. Alexander fought a brief war with the Ottoman Empire in 1877–78, leading to the independence of the Bulgarian, Montenegrin, Romanian and Serbian states. He pursued further expansion into Far East and the Caucasus, and conquered Turkestan, also approving plans leading to the Circassian genocide.
Alexander was assassinated in 1881 in Saint Petersburg.
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