A part of Gaya (SC) Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituency, Belaganj is one of the 243 Vidhan Sabha (assembly) constituencies in the state of Bihar. Belaganj is located in the Gaya district of the state. 

Belaganj is represented in the Bihar state assembly by Surendra Prasad Yadav of the Rashtriya Janata Dal. Yadav had defeated Sharim Ali of Hindustani Awam Morcha by a margin of 30,341 votes. Yadav has been representing the Belaganj constituency in Bihar assembly since 2000. 

In the 2020 Bihar assembly elections, Yadav has defeated Abhay Kumar Sinha of JD(U) by a margin of 23,963 votes.

As recommended by the Delimitation Commission of India in 2008, the Belaganj legislative assembly segment covers Kendua, Kesaru Dharampur, Naili, Amraha, Kaler, Chakand, Aurwan, Madan Bigha, Katari, Rasalpur, Ghutiya, Bara, Kujapi, Korma, Kandi, Churi and Kujap gram panchayats of Gaya Town community development block; and Belaganj community development block.

Here are a few details about the Belaganj assembly seat:

Name of the assembly constituency, district: Belaganj, Gaya

Lok Sabha constituency: Gaya (SC)

Polling Date: October 28, 2020

2020 winner: Surendra Prasad Yadav (RJD)

2020 runner up: Abhay Kumar Sinha [JD(U)]

Winning margin: 23,963 votes

2015 candidates: Surendra Prasad Yadav of RJD, Sharim Ali of HAM(S), Kumar Jitendra of CPI 

2020 candidates: NA

Sitting MLA, party: Surendra Prasad Yadav, RJD

Winning margin in 2015: 30,341

Runner up name, Party: Sharim Ali, HAM(S)

Number of voters in 2015: 143,996

Percentage of votes polled in 2015:57.68%

Number of women voters in 2015: 65,092

Number of polling booths in 2015: 276