KBC Offline Quiz 2021: Who were the colonial power in Indonesia?

The options are:

a. French

b. Portuguese

c. British

d. Dutch

Answer: d. Dutch

The first Europeans arrived in the island country in 1512 when Portuguese traders tried to monopolise the sources of nutmeg, cloves, and cubeb pepper in the Maluku Islands.

They were followed by the Dutch and British traders. The Dutch, in 1602, established the Dutch East India Company (VOC), becoming the dominant European power for almost 200 years.

It dissolved in 1800 following bankruptcy, and then the Dutch East Indies was established by the Netherlands as a nationalised colony.

For most of the colonial period, Dutch had control over the archipelago. The forces continuously engaged in a wars, both on and off Java. The influence of local leaders such as Prince Diponegoro in central Java, Imam Bonjol in central Sumatra, Pattimura in Maluku, and the bloody 30-year war in Aceh weakened the Dutch. Only in the early 20th century did Dutch dominance extend.

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