Glycolysis%20is%20also%20known%20as%20E.M.P.%20pathway%20which%20stands%20for%20Embden%20-%20Meyerhof%20-%20Parnas%20Pathway%2C%20which%20was%20discovered%20by%20Gustav%20Embden%2C%20Otto%20Meyerhof%2C%20and%20Jakub%20Karol%20Parnas.%20Glycolysis%20splits%20a%206-carbon%20sugar%2C%20glucose%2C%20into%20two%20molecules%20of%203-carbon%20pyruvate%20in%20a%20series%20of%20steps%2C%20each%20catalyzed%20by%20a%20particular%20enzyme.%20Glycolysis%20takes%20place%20in%20the%20cytoplasm%20%28cytosol%29%20of%20all%20living%20cells%2C%20not%20in%20mitochondria%2C%20and%20does%20not%20require%20the%20presence%20of%20oxygen.%20Therefore%2C%20glycolysis%20is%20also%20known%20as%20cytoplasmic%20respiration.